Max of Saxony was born on November 17, 1870. He spent his childhood and youth at the royal court in Dresden. He ended his military career to study philosophy and theology at the former Episcopal Lyceum in Eichstätt from 1893 to 1896. During these studies he lived in the Episcopal Seminary. On July 26, 1896, he was ordained a priest in the Schutzengelkirche in Eichstätt. In the fall of 1898 he received his doctorate in theology from the University of Würzburg. In 1900 Max von Sachsen was appointed to the Faculty of Theology at the University of Fribourg (Switzerland) as professor of the newly created Chair of Canon Law and Liturgy, which he held until 1911. He worked intensively on the rites of the Eastern Church and the Eastern languages, undertook extensive research trips in this regard, collaborated on the Patrologia Orientalis, and finally advocated the unity of the Eastern and Western Churches with an essay "Pensées sur la question de l'union des Églises" in November 1910.
1. Please read the text by Max of Saxony, published in mid-November 1910 in the magazine "Roma e l'Oriente" in the German translation.
2. Describe Max of Saxony's border-crossing ideas of a union of the churches. According to him, what would such a union have to look? Record your opinion in written form (1000 characters with spaces).
Max of Saxony's essay was very controversial. Still at the end of 1910, in the middle of the modernism controversy, he was papally condemned and lost the Venia for Canon Law, although he recanted.
1. Read the papal condemnation "Ex quo, nono" by Pope Pius X of December 26, 1910.
2. What border crossings are accused by the pope against Max of Saxony? Are you convinced by the argumentation against the "Pensées"? Record your opinion in written form (1000 characters with spaces).
The political-satirical magazine Kladderadatsch, which appeared weekly from 1848 to 1944, published the following poem on the papal condemnation of the prince as early as December 25, 1910. This was followed in January 1911 by a caricature by Ludwig Stutz.
Ein Fluch
Der Heilige Vater wurde grob
und nannt’ ihn einen frechen Dachsen.
Er wusch ihm ordentlich den Kopp
und trat ihm zornig auf die Haxen.
„Da hast du meinen Fluch, o weh,
für deine niederträchtigen Faxen.
Ich rate dir: zum Teufel geh
mit deinen Grundsätzen, den laxen!
Du hast es, Elender gewagt,
zu schmähen meine hohen Taxen!
Du hast dich ja – Gott sei’s geklagt –
zum Modernisten ausgewachsen!“
Da wird vom Papste angehaucht
der sonst so fromme Prinz von Sachsen.
Ich frage: Hat er das gebraucht?
Es tut mir innig leid um Maxen!
How does the poem "Ein Fluch" and the caricature characterize the dispute between Pope Pius X and Prince Max of Saxony? Record your personal opinion in written form (1000 characters with spaces).