Liturgical studies is the discipline of theology that studies the practice of praying and worship in the Church or, more precisely, the gathering of worshipers that manifests the mystery of Christ and enables the faithful to enter into dialog with God through words and signs. Starting from this understanding of the liturgy as described by the Second Vatican Council, liturgical studies is concerned with the many different historical and current forms of worship and the theological foundations and anthropological conditions.
Liturgical studies must embrace contemporary changes in theology and religious practice. It is characterized by its ecumenical orientation and seeks dialog with other theological and non-theological disciplines. More than any other discipline, liturgical studies reveals through its study of worship – which, according to the Bible, is the second source of faith – that investigating the question of God goes beyond mere discourse and that the ways in which the faith is celebrated must also be taken into consideration. Liturgical studies ensures that all disciplines of theology remain aware of the doxology, the origin and goal of all theology.
While worship is not the only aspect of the Church’s activity, the liturgy is – as the Second Vatican Council emphasizes – ‘the summit toward which the activity of the Church is directed; at the same time it is the font from which all her power flows’ (SC 10).
The Council has therefore declared that liturgical studies is one of the main disciplines of theology.